Thermal Input/Concentration Output Systems Processed by Chemical Reactions of Helicene Oligomers

This article describes thermal input/concentration output systems processed by chemical reactions. Various sophisticated inputs can be converted into concentration outputs through the double-helix formation of helicene oligomers exhibiting hysteresis. The include high or low temperature, cooling heating state, slow fast and history. basis for properties reactions includes reversibility out equilibrium, sigmoidal relationship kinetics, bistability involving metastable states, positive feedback self-catalytic reactions, competitive fine tunability parallel processing. interfacing in other is considered, biological cells are considered to have been utilizing such input/output